Indian Constitution in Tamil Language: PDF Download with Latest Updates and Amendments
1 Name and territory of the Union.2 Admission or establishment of new States.2A [Repealed.]3 Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States.4 Laws made under articles 2 and 3 to provide for the amendment of the First and the Fourth Schedules and supplemental, incidental and consequential matters.
article 1 to 395 in tamil pdf download
245 Extent of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States.246 Subject-matter of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States.246A Special provision with respect to goods and services tax.247 Power of Parliament to provide for the establishment of certain additional courts.248 Residuary powers of legislation.249 Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to a matter in the State List in the national interest.250 Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to any matter in the State List if a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation.251 Inconsistency between laws made by Parliament under articles 249 and 250 and laws made by the Legislatures of States.252 Power of Parliament to legislate for two or more States by consent and adoption of such legislation by any other State.253 Legislation for giving effect to international agreements.254 Inconsistency between laws made by Parliament and laws made by the Legislatures of States.255 Requirements as to recommendations and previous sanctions to be regarded as matters of procedure only.
301 Freedom of trade, commerce and intercourse.302 Power of Parliament to impose restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse.303 Restrictions on the legislative powers of the Union and of the States with regard to trade and commerce.304 Restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse among States.305 Saving of existing laws and laws providing for State monopolies.306 [Repealed.]307 Appointment of authority for carrying out the purposes of articles 301 to 304.
352 Proclamation of Emergency.353 Effect of Proclamation of Emergency.354 Application of provisions relating to distribution of revenues while a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation.355 Duty of the Union to protect States against external aggression and internal disturbance.356 Provisions in case of failure of constitutional machinery in States.357 Exercise of legislative powers under Proclamation issued under article 356.358 Suspension of provisions of article 19 during emergencies.359 Suspension of the enforcement of the rights conferred by Part III during emergencies.359A [Repealed.]360 Provisions as to financial emergency.
The Indian Constitution (Bharatiya Samvidhan) of India contains Article 1 to 395 articles in 22 parts, and it is the longest written constitution of any country in the world. The constitution of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 26th November 1949 and became effective on 26th January 1950.
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Articles of the Indian Constitution must be known to the UPSC Exam aspirants. There are 448 articles in the Indian Constitution (originally 395 articles were there). Each set of articles covers important parts of the Constitution including, Legislatures, Executive, Schedules, Parts of Indian Constitution, Constitutional Bodies, Statutory Bodies, Fundamental Rights, and more.
There are 448 articles in 25 parts, 12 schedules, 5 appendices with more than 100 amendments in the Indian Constitution. Not every article of the Indian Constitution is a must to know for UPSC Exams. Hence, all those articles in the Indian Constitution that are important from the IAS exam perspective are given below:
Knowing these Indian Constitution articles will help aspirants score well in Polity section. However, not all of them are important for prelims and UPSC Mains examination. The important articles in the Indian Constitution for civil services examination are given in the table below:
Memorizing all 448 articles of the Indian Constitution and reproducing them in the civil services exam is not an easy task. It is difficult to learn everything. Below are a few tips to remember the important articles of the Indian Constitution:
This is an age-old trick used to memorize a lot of content. Make a string of words or a sentence using key letters from the articles. This way you will be able to recall them faster and with minimum effort. Make your own mnemonics in order to be able to memorize vast quantities of data. For e.g. :
Also, aspirants should be updated with the Indian constitutional articles which are in the news as topics mentioned in the UPSC Syllabus of Mains GS 2 are asked in the exam based on both theory and current affairs.
In the last week of December 2019, China witnessed an emergence of a new respiratory disease named COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 infection had spread worldwide, affecting more than 218 countries with 42.9 million cases including 1.1 million deaths reported as on October 26, 2020.1 India reported its first laboratory-confirmed case of SARS-CoV-2 from the state of Kerala in the later part of January 2020.2 As on October 26, 2020, India ranks second in terms of burden of COVID-19 cases globally, with 7.9 million cases including 119,014 deaths. Even though India has the highest number of COVID-19 cases, the fatality rate due to COVID-19 infection is lower than the global fatality rate.1,2 Within India, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Uttar Pradesh, and Delhi states have contributed to more than 65% of cases. Densely populated urban cities have been more affected than rural areas.3,4 There is also heterogeneity in the mortality rates among states. Tamil Nadu state with South Asian ethnic population has reported around 711,713 cases and 10,956 deaths, with a mortality rate of 1.5%. Chennai city, the capital of Tamil Nadu, contributed nearly half of COVID-19 cases reported in the state of Tamil Nadu.5 Chennai saw a surge in cases from the last week of April 2020. The government of Tamil Nadu and Greater Chennai Corporation used test, isolate, and trace strategy to contain the spread of virus. During the initial stage of the outbreak, all patients were admitted in hospital/medical institutions. In view of increasing number of cases, the government of Tamil Nadu established makeshift temporary medical care isolation centers named as COVID Care Center (CCC) in Chennai. COVID Care Centers were established by converting the existing exhibition centers, trade centers, and educational institutions into isolation centers, providing medical care, clinical monitoring, food, and shelter. Asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic patients were admitted in these centers. Establishment of CCC made hospital beds available for moderate and severely ill patients in hospital/medical institutions. In this article, we describe the demographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics; clinical progression; and outcome details of 1,263 COVID-19 patients in one such CCC isolation facility in Chennai.